BIOL 360 Lab Exam Review sheet Fall 2007
I have crossed out things you do not need to know
The lab exam will consist of multiple choice questions, short answer questions and problems.
Chapter 2 Mitosis and Meiosis
 | What are chromosomes? What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes? When can you observe chromosomes? |
| Be able to distinguish between chromosome, sister chromatids and nonsister chromatids. |
| Be able to draw and/or distinguish between metacentic, submetacentric, acrocentric, and telocentric chromosomes |
| What is a karyotype? |
| Humans have 46 chromsomes, 23 pairs. 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromsomes. |
| Be sure to know what a homologous pair of chromosomes is. |
| Review the Cell cycle. When does replication of DNA occur? |
| |
| Review the stages of meiosis. Be able to draw the major stages and/or products (be familiar with the order of stages meiotic prophase 1, I will not ask you to draw these) |
| When does crossing over occur? Specifically (in which substage of Prophase?) |
| What is the purpose of mitosis? Meiosis? How do these processes differ? |
| |
| What is the major difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis? |
Lab 1: Corn/Yeast
| Be familiar with both the monohybrid and dihybrid corn crosses and the results. |
| Be familiar with the yeast strains used; their phenotypes and genotypes. |
| were the strains used haploid or diploid? What about the offspring? |
| Understand how the "dihybrid cross" was done, and how it is different than a "real" one. |
| Be able to answer questions about and what type of media were used and why. (see last two questions on yeast lab assignment) |
| If shown a plate (YED or MVA) with colonies (white or red), be able to determine genotype of a yeast strain. |
Lab 2: Chromosome Structure and Meiosis
| Be aware of how chromosomes are formed from DNA. What degree of compacting is necessary? |
| what is the difference between chromatin and a chromosome? |
| When can chromosomes be observed in a cell? Chromatin? |
| Review meiosis in Ascaris. I will not ask you to draw the stages, but be
able to identify stages as drawn on p. 3 of handout. Also be able to answer questions related
to number of chromosomes at different stages, as on p. 3
of handout. |
| Be able to answer questions about chromosome composition as on p. 5 of the handout. |
| |
| Review Figure 2 from the grasshopper testis lab ( in lab manual) |
| I will not ask you to identify individual stages of
meiotic prophase cells. However, using
diagrams or photographs |
Lab 3: Principles of Probability/Chi-Square Analysis
| Review the use of the product and sum laws in this lab. |
| Be able to determine the probability of different classes occurring. (as in the lab handout in Tables 3 and 4--I mean the categories of outcomes) |
| Be able to do calculations similar to those on pages13 -15 in the lab handout |
| Be able to do a chi-square analysis of data, and determine if a deviation is due to chance or not. I will provide teh probability Table. |
| What I may ask: problems similar to Table 3, and associated question on p. 20; Tables 7 and 8, Practice Problems 1 and 2, and assigned problem 1 parts a-c (I will not ask question like the more complicated assigned problems 3, 4 and 5) |
| Be able to calculate the probability for different numbers of girls/boys in a certain family. |
Lab 4: Flylab
| Be able to diagram some crosses between flies. |
| Know how to determine if a trait is dominant or recessive. Know how to determine if a trait is sex linked. |
| Given data generated from the Flylab, be able to perform Chi-square analysis |
Lab 5: Preparation of Barr body slides/Human Genetics
| What are Barr Bodies? Where are Barr bodies located? How many should particular individuals have? |
| Review procedures for preparing of Barr body slides. What stains are used? |
| If shown a pedigree, be able to determine what type of inheritance is occurring for the trait being followed (recessive or dominant? X-linked) |
| Be familiar with the pedigree symbols |
| Be able to determine genotypes of individuals in a pedigree. |