Introduction
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Algebraic Expressions:

Any combination of variables or constants linked together by any operation: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division (except division by zero) is an algebraic expression or a polynomial.

A polynomial is an expression containing one or more terms.

Example:

Which of the following is a polynomial?

Question Polynomial? Reason
5x + 6 Yes No division by zero
Eq10071.gif (285 bytes) Yes No division by zero
Eq10072.gif (401 bytes) No Division by zero

Naming a Polynomial:

bulletMonomial is a one-term polynomial. (mono- means one)
bulletBinomial is a two-term polynomial. (bi- means two)
bulletTrinomial is a three-term polynomial. (tri- means three)
bulletThe degree of a polynomial is the largest (maximum) sum of exponents that appear on the variables in the terms.

Example:

Name each polynomial and report the degree:

Polynomial Degree Name
Eq10073.gif (303 bytes) 3rd Trinomial
Eq10074.gif (254 bytes) 5th Binomial
Eq10075.gif (232 bytes) 7th (2 + 5 = 7) Monomial

Evaluating Polynomials:

To evaluate a polynomial when given a value is to replace the unknown in the polynomial with the given value then simplifying.

Example:
Image737.gif (3578 bytes)

Example:
Image738.gif (2877 bytes)

Like Terms

Terms that have the same variables and each variable has the same exponent in each term are called like terms.

eq10136.gif (4006 bytes)


Collecting Like Terms:

To add or subtract like terms, use the reverse of the Distributive Property of Multiplication. Add/subtract the numbers of the like terms and we keep the term unchanged.


Example:
Image740.gif (2825 bytes)


Example:

Image742.gif (3235 bytes)